Hassan Rouhani served as the seventh President of Iran from 2013 to 2021, known for his moderate stance and diplomatic efforts. His presidency witnessed significant domestic and international events, including the Iran Nuclear Deal. This article explores Rouhani's life, career, and impact, charting his journey from a small town in Iran to the highest office in the country.
Quick Info Table
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Hassan Fereydoun |
| Popular As | Hassan Rouhani |
| Occupations | Politician, Lawyer, Diplomat |
| Age (as of 2024) | 75 years |
| Date of Birth | 12 November 1948 |
| Birthplace | Sorkheh, Iran |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Height | 1.68 m |
| Weight | 78 kg |
| net worth (2025) | Approx. $1 million |
| Parents | Haj Asadollah Feridon (father) |
| Spouse | Sahebeh Arabi |
| Children | Four |
Early Life
Hassan Rouhani's early life laid the foundation for his future in politics. Born in the small town of Sorkheh, Rouhani’s upbringing was deeply influenced by religious and political elements that would later shape his career.
Childhood and Education
Rouhani was born into a religious family in Sorkheh, near Semnan, on November 12, 1948. His father, Haj Asadollah Feridon, was a merchant and political activist, exposing young Hassan to the political climate of the time. Rouhani began his religious education early, attending the local seminary before moving to Qom for further studies.
Political Awakening
The political upheaval of the 1960s and 1970s in Iran profoundly impacted Rouhani. Influenced by revolutionary ideas, he became actively involved in the opposition movement against the Shah. His participation in political activities led to multiple arrests, cementing his commitment to the cause.
Career Highlights
Hassan Rouhani's career is marked by significant roles and achievements. From his early days as a parliamentarian to his tenure as President, Rouhani has been a central figure in Iranian politics.
Early Political Career
Rouhani's political career began in earnest after the Iranian Revolution of 1979. He was elected to the first Islamic Consultative Assembly (Parliament) and served five consecutive terms, showcasing his legislative skills.
Role in the Iran-Iraq War
During the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), Rouhani played a crucial role as a member of the Supreme Defense Council and commander of the Khatam-ol-Anbiya Operation Center. His efforts in coordinating military strategies and logistics were instrumental in Iran's defense.
Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council
From 1989 to 2005, Rouhani served as the Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, coordinating Iran's national security policies, including the country's nuclear program.
Presidency
Rouhani's presidency began with his election in 2013, marking a shift toward moderation and diplomacy in Iran's political landscape.
2013 Presidential Election
In the 2013 presidential election, Rouhani ran as a moderate candidate, promising economic reform and improved relations with the West. His campaign resonated with voters, leading to a decisive victory.
Domestic Policies
Rouhani's domestic policies focused on economic recovery, social freedoms, and women's rights. He implemented various reforms aimed at reducing inflation, increasing employment, and improving living standards.
Foreign Policy and the Nuclear Deal
One of the most significant aspects of Rouhani's presidency was his approach to foreign policy, particularly the Iran Nuclear Deal.
Negotiations and Agreement
Rouhani's administration engaged in extensive negotiations with world powers, leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2015. This agreement aimed to limit Iran's nuclear program in exchange for lifting economic sanctions.
Impact and Challenges
The nuclear deal was hailed as a diplomatic success but faced significant challenges, including opposition from hardliners within Iran and the eventual withdrawal of the United States in 2018.
Personal Life
Beyond his political career, Hassan Rouhani's personal life offers insight into the man behind the public persona. His family, education, and personal beliefs have all influenced his approach to politics.
Family and Relationships
Rouhani is married to Sahebeh Arabi, and the couple has four children. His family has maintained a relatively low profile, with Rouhani often emphasizing the importance of privacy and family values.
Education and Academic Pursuits
In addition to his religious education, Rouhani pursued higher education in the West. He obtained a master's degree in Law and a Ph.D. in Constitutional Law from Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland. His academic background has informed his legal and political approach.
Major Achievements
Hassan Rouhani's tenure as President of Iran was marked by several notable achievements, both domestically and internationally.
Economic Reforms
One of Rouhani's primary focuses was reviving Iran's economy, which had been severely affected by international sanctions and domestic mismanagement.
Inflation Control
Rouhani's administration implemented policies to control inflation, which had reached alarming levels before his presidency. Through fiscal discipline and monetary reforms, inflation rates were significantly reduced.
Employment and Industrial Growth
Rouhani also prioritized job creation and industrial growth. His efforts led to the revitalization of several key industries, boosting employment and economic stability.
Social Reforms
Rouhani's presidency saw attempts to enhance personal freedoms and women's rights, although these efforts faced considerable resistance from conservative factions.
Women's Rights
Rouhani advocated for greater inclusion of women in the workforce and government. His administration appointed several women to key positions and promoted gender equality in various sectors.
Diplomatic Efforts
Rouhani's diplomatic efforts, particularly regarding the Iran Nuclear Deal, were among his most significant achievements.
Improving International Relations
The JCPOA marked a thaw in Iran's relations with the West, particularly the United States and the European Union. Although the deal faced setbacks, it represented a major diplomatic milestone.
Financial Insights
Hassan Rouhani's financial status has been a topic of interest, particularly given his long career in public service. This section provides an overview of his net worth and financial insights.
Net Worth and Salary
As of 2024, Hassan Rouhani's estimated net worth is approximately $1 million. His salary as President of Iran was modest compared to global standards, reflecting the country's economic conditions.
Sources of Income
Rouhani's income primarily came from his government salary and various academic and advisory roles. Unlike many politicians, he has not been associated with significant personal business ventures.
Financial Transparency
Rouhani has advocated for financial transparency and anti-corruption measures throughout his career. His administration implemented several policies aimed at increasing transparency in government finances.
Conclusion
Hassan Rouhani's legacy is a complex tapestry of achievements, challenges, and controversies. As a moderate leader in a turbulent political landscape, he navigated Iran through significant domestic and international changes. His efforts to revive the economy, enhance social freedoms, and engage in diplomacy have left a lasting impact on the country.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What was Hassan Rouhani's role in the Iran Nuclear Deal?
Hassan Rouhani played a pivotal role in negotiating the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2015. His administration's diplomatic efforts led to an agreement aimed at limiting Iran's nuclear program in exchange for lifting economic sanctions.
How did Rouhani's presidency impact women's rights in Iran?
During his presidency, Rouhani advocated for greater inclusion of women in the workforce and government. His administration appointed several women to key positions and promoted gender equality, although these efforts faced resistance from conservative factions.
What were the main challenges faced by Rouhani during his presidency?
Rouhani faced numerous challenges, including economic sanctions, domestic opposition, and international tensions. The withdrawal of the United States from the JCPOA in 2018 and internal resistance to his reforms were significant hurdles.
What is Hassan Rouhani's educational background?
Hassan Rouhani holds a master's degree in Law and a Ph.D. in Constitutional Law from Glasgow Caledonian University in Scotland. His academic background has significantly influenced his legal and political approach.
How has Rouhani contributed to Iran's economic reforms?
Rouhani's administration implemented policies to control inflation, boost employment, and revitalize key industries. His efforts led to a significant improvement in economic stability and growth.
In summary, Hassan Rouhani's journey from a small town in Iran to the presidency is a testament to his dedication and resilience. His tenure, marked by significant achievements and challenges, has left an indelible mark on Iran's political and economic landscape.
