Harmoko is a name synonymous with Indonesian political and journalistic history, playing a crucial role during the New Order era. Known for his significant contributions as both a politician and a journalist, Harmoko's journey from a small village in East Java to the corridors of power in Jakarta is both inspiring and controversial. This article delves into the life and legacy of Harmoko, exploring his early years, career highlights, personal life, major achievements, financial insights, and more.
Quick Info Table
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Harmoko |
| Popular As | Bung Harmoko |
| Occupations | Politician, Journalist |
| Date of Birth | 7 February 1939 |
| Birthplace | Patianrowo Village, East Java, Dutch East Indies |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Date of Death | 4 July 2021 |
| Parents | Asmoprawiro (Father), Soeriptinah (Mother) |
Early Life
Harmoko's early life laid the foundation for his future endeavors. Born in a modest village in East Java, he navigated various challenges to carve a niche for himself in Indonesian society.
Childhood and Family Background
Harmoko was born on 7 February 1939 in Patianrowo Village, East Java, which was then part of the Dutch East Indies. His father, Asmoprawiro, and mother, Soeriptinah, were ordinary citizens who instilled in him the values of hard work and perseverance. Growing up in a rural setting, Harmoko experienced the struggles of the common people, which later influenced his political and journalistic work.
Education and Early Influences
Harmoko's education began in local schools, where he showed an early interest in literature and current affairs. This passion led him to pursue further studies, although detailed records of his educational background are sparse. His formative years were marked by the political upheavals of the time, sparking his interest in journalism and politics.
Career Highlights
Harmoko's career is a testament to his versatility and dedication. From journalism to politics, he made significant contributions that left a lasting impact on Indonesian society.
Journalism: Founding Pos Kota
Harmoko's foray into journalism began with the founding of Pos Kota in 1970. This newspaper quickly gained popularity for its focus on local news and issues affecting the common people. Under Harmoko's leadership, Pos Kota carved a niche for itself in the crowded media landscape of Jakarta.
Political Ascent: Minister of Information
Harmoko's political career took off when he was appointed as the Minister of Information in 1983. In this role, he oversaw the media and ensured it aligned with government policies. His tenure was marked by efforts to control and censor the press, which drew both praise and criticism.
Leadership in Golkar
As a key member of the Golkar party, Harmoko played a significant role in shaping its policies and strategies. He rose through the ranks to become the Chairman of Golkar, further solidifying his influence in Indonesian politics.
Speaker of the People's Representative Council
One of Harmoko's most notable positions was as the Speaker of the People's Representative Council from 1997 to 1999. His tenure coincided with a tumultuous period in Indonesian history, marked by widespread student demonstrations and the eventual resignation of President Suharto.
Personal Life
While much of Harmoko's public life is well-documented, his personal life remains relatively private. However, certain aspects of his life outside politics and journalism are worth noting.
Family and Relationships
Harmoko was known to be a family-oriented individual, although details about his spouse and children are not widely available. His parents, Asmoprawiro and Soeriptinah, played a significant role in shaping his values and outlook on life.
Interests and Hobbies
Beyond his professional commitments, Harmoko had a keen interest in literature and the arts. He was known to be an avid reader and often sought solace in books and cultural activities.
Major Achievements
Harmoko's career was marked by several significant achievements that have left an indelible mark on Indonesian society.
Founding Pos Kota
One of Harmoko's major achievements was the establishment of Pos Kota, a newspaper that catered to the needs of the common people. This venture showcased his journalistic acumen and commitment to addressing local issues.
Role in Suharto's Resignation
Harmoko's most controversial yet impactful action was his public call for President Suharto's resignation during the widespread student demonstrations in 1998. This move, perceived as a betrayal by some, was pivotal in Suharto's eventual resignation and the subsequent political transition.
Contributions to Golkar
As a leader of the Golkar party, Harmoko played a crucial role in shaping its policies and strategies. His leadership helped the party navigate challenging times and maintain its influence in Indonesian politics.
Financial Insights
Understanding Harmoko's financial success provides deeper insight into his career and influence. While specific figures regarding his net worth and salary are not readily available, some general observations can be made.
Earnings from Journalism
Harmoko's venture into journalism, particularly with the founding of Pos Kota, likely provided him with a substantial income. The newspaper's popularity and success contributed significantly to his financial stability.
Political Earnings
As a prominent politician holding various key positions, Harmoko would have received a substantial salary and benefits. His tenure as Minister of Information, Chairman of Golkar, and Speaker of the People's Representative Council ensured a steady and significant income.
Financial Legacy
While exact figures are not available, it is evident that Harmoko's career in journalism and politics provided him with a comfortable financial status. His contributions to both fields ensured that he left behind a lasting legacy, both financially and otherwise.
Conclusion
Harmoko's life and career represent a fascinating blend of journalism and politics. From his humble beginnings in East Java to his significant roles in Jakarta, he navigated various challenges and controversies to leave a lasting impact on Indonesian society. His contributions to journalism, particularly through Pos Kota, and his controversial yet pivotal role in Suharto's resignation highlight his complex and multifaceted legacy.
FAQ Section
Who was Harmoko?
Harmoko was a prominent Indonesian politician and journalist known for his roles as the Minister of Information, Chairman of Golkar, and Speaker of the People's Representative Council.
What was Harmoko's role in Suharto's resignation?
Harmoko publicly called for President Suharto's resignation during the widespread student demonstrations in 1998, a move pivotal in Suharto's eventual resignation.
What newspaper did Harmoko found?
Harmoko founded Pos Kota in 1970, a newspaper that became popular for its focus on local news and issues affecting the common people.
What were Harmoko's major achievements?
Harmoko's major achievements include founding Pos Kota, his role in Suharto's resignation, and his contributions to the Golkar party.
How did Harmoko die?
Harmoko passed away on 4 July 2021 due to complications from COVID-19.
Where is Harmoko buried?
Harmoko is buried at Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery in Jakarta.
Harmoko's life story is a compelling narrative of ambition, dedication, and influence. His contributions to journalism and politics have left an indelible mark on Indonesian society, making him a significant figure in the country's history.
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