Frances Clara Cleveland Preston, born Frances Folsom, was a remarkable figure in American history. As the youngest First Lady of the United States, she captivated the nation with her charm, intelligence, and dedication to social causes. This article delves into her life, exploring her early years, time in the White House, personal life, and lasting legacy.
Quick Info Table
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Frances Clara Cleveland Preston (née Folsom) |
| Popular As | First Lady of the United States |
| Occupations | First Lady, Social Activist |
| Age (as of 2024) | 160 (posthumously) |
| Date of Birth | July 21, 1864 |
| Date of Death | October 29, 1947 |
| Birthplace | Buffalo, New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Parents | Oscar Folsom, Emma Folsom (née Harmon) |
| Spouse | Grover Cleveland, Thomas J. Preston Jr. |
| Children | Ruth Cleveland, Esther Cleveland, Marion Cleveland, Richard Cleveland, Francis Cleveland |
Early Life
Frances Cleveland's early years were shaped by her family's social standing and the tragic loss of her father, setting the stage for her future role as First Lady.
Childhood and Family Background
Frances Clara Folsom was born on July 21, 1864, in Buffalo, New York, to Oscar Folsom and Emma Folsom (née Harmon). Her father, a prominent lawyer and close friend of Grover Cleveland, tragically died in a carriage accident on July 23, 1875. This loss left Frances and her mother in a precarious financial situation. Cleveland, who was 27 years her senior, became her legal guardian and took a keen interest in her upbringing.
Education and Early Interests
Frances attended Wells College in Aurora, New York, graduating on June 20, 1885. Known for her keen intellect and active participation in college events, her education at Wells played a crucial role in shaping her future public engagements.
Marriage to Grover Cleveland
Frances Cleveland's marriage to Grover Cleveland marked a defining moment in her life, thrusting her into the national spotlight and making her a beloved public figure.
The Wedding of the Century
On June 2, 1886, Frances Folsom married Grover Cleveland in the Blue Room of the White House, making her the youngest First Lady in American history at the age of 21. This wedding attracted immense public and media attention, as it was the first and only time a sitting president married in the White House.
Life in the White House
As First Lady, Frances quickly became a popular and influential figure. She was known for her grace, elegance, and social acumen. Hosting numerous social events and receptions, she became a beloved figure in Washington, D.C. Her charm and poise endeared her to the American public, and she often captured the media's fascination.
Personal Life and Challenges
Despite her public popularity, Frances Cleveland faced numerous personal challenges, including public scrutiny and family tragedies.
Motherhood and Family Life
Frances and Grover Cleveland had five children: Ruth, Esther, Marion, Richard, and Francis. Their first child, Ruth, was born in 1891 but tragically died of diphtheria in 1904. Esther Cleveland, their second daughter, was the first and only child born in the White House on September 9, 1893.
Public Scrutiny and Personal Struggles
The Clevelands faced intense public scrutiny during Grover's second term, particularly regarding his health. In 1893, Grover Cleveland underwent secret surgery for a malignant tumor in his mouth, which was kept hidden from the public. The pressure and stress of public life took a toll on Frances, but she remained steadfast in her duties as First Lady.
Post-White House Years
After Grover Cleveland's presidency, Frances continued to be an active and influential figure, dedicating herself to various social causes and personal pursuits.
Life After the Presidency
Following Grover Cleveland's death on June 24, 1908, Frances moved to Princeton, New Jersey, where she became actively involved in community affairs and educational initiatives. She served on the board of trustees at Wells College and passionately advocated for women's education.
Second Marriage and Later Years
On February 10, 1913, Frances married Thomas J. Preston Jr., a professor of archaeology at Princeton University. This marriage marked a new chapter in her life, and she continued to be active in social and charitable causes, including supporting the American Red Cross during World War I.
Financial Insights
Frances Cleveland's financial situation was influenced by her marriages and her involvement in various social causes. While specific figures regarding her net worth are not readily available, insights into her financial standing can be gleaned through her lifestyle and philanthropic activities.
Financial Stability and Philanthropy
Frances' marriage to Grover Cleveland provided her with financial stability and access to a comfortable lifestyle. The Clevelands owned several properties, including a summer home in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, and a residence in Princeton, New Jersey. After Grover's death, Frances inherited a substantial estate, which allowed her to maintain her social standing and continue her philanthropic endeavors.
Involvement in Social Causes
Frances was known for her charitable work and support for various social causes. Actively involved in the American Red Cross and other charitable organizations, she used her influence and resources to support those in need. Her financial contributions and advocacy work left a lasting impact on the communities she served.
Legacy and Impact
Frances Cleveland's legacy extends beyond her role as First Lady. Her contributions to education, social causes, and her enduring influence on American society are notable aspects of her legacy.
Advocacy for Women's Education
Frances was a strong advocate for women's education, serving on the board of trustees at Wells College and supporting various educational initiatives. Her efforts helped pave the way for greater opportunities for women in higher education.
Influence on Future First Ladies
Frances Cleveland set a precedent for future First Ladies with her active involvement in social and charitable causes. Her grace, poise, and dedication to public service inspired subsequent First Ladies, including Eleanor Roosevelt and Jacqueline Kennedy.
Conclusion
Frances Clara Cleveland Preston remains an iconic figure in American history. Her journey from a young girl in Buffalo, New York, to the First Lady of the United States is a testament to her resilience, intelligence, and dedication to public service. Her legacy continues to inspire and influence generations, making her a timeless figure in the annals of American history.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q: How did Frances Cleveland become the First Lady?
A: Frances Cleveland became the First Lady by marrying Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, on June 2, 1886.
Q: What were Frances Cleveland's main contributions as First Lady?
A: Frances Cleveland was known for her social engagements, advocacy for women's education, and support for various charitable causes.
Q: How many children did Frances and Grover Cleveland have?
A: Frances and Grover Cleveland had five children: Ruth, Esther, Marion, Richard, and Francis.
Q: What was Frances Cleveland's involvement in education?
A: Frances served on the board of trustees at Wells College and was a strong advocate for women's education.
Q: Who was Frances Cleveland's second husband?
A: Frances Cleveland's second husband was Thomas J. Preston Jr., a professor of archaeology at Princeton University.
Q: Where is Frances Cleveland buried?
A: Frances Cleveland is buried in Princeton Cemetery in Princeton, New Jersey, alongside her first husband, Grover Cleveland.
References
Frances Cleveland's life was a remarkable journey marked by personal triumphs and challenges, leaving an indelible mark on American history. Her legacy as a dedicated First Lady and advocate for education continues to inspire and influence future generations.
